World Classical Persian Language
Persian language is one of the sub-branches of Iranian languages. It has undergone many changes in its history of several thousand years. European writers and linguists in 1872, declared that Persian, Greek, Latin, and Sanskrit are the world’ classical languages.
Iran Language Roots
Farsi was one of the dialects of the Persian people who migrated to the southwest of the Iranian plateau. With the rise of the Achaemenid dynasty from this people, it spread as an official and administrative language in the lands of the Achaemenid Empire. Ancient Persian Language was originally a complex grammar with various conjugations. However, by learning non-Persian languages, its grammar gradually became easier. This expansion of the language in non-Persian speaking lands is a reason for simplifying this language. By the end of the Achaemenid period, Iran ancient language had become an early form of Middle Persian.
At the time of Parthian dynasty, Parthian language had influenced on it, but during the Sassanid period, this language, which was Middle Persian Language at the time, was the first and official language of Iran. Almost all the lands of the Sassanid kingdom spoke this language.
In the beginning of Sassanid dynasty, 3rd AD, writings were in three languages: Parthian, Middle Persian Language and Greek. During of the Sassanids, fundamental changes took place in this language. The Parthian language became generally obsolete, and from the fourth century onward, all surviving inscriptions were in Persian.
Farsi in Islam Era
After the victory of the Arabs in Iran, Farsi moved eastwards by word of mouth and reached Afghanistan and other lands by Iranian troops. For the first time in Khorasan, Arabic calligraphy was used to write Farsi. The reason was the existence of Zoroastrians and clerics in the West and Persia, whose writing style was still Pahlavi, ie Middle Persian. The Pahlavi script was still a serious competitor to the new Arabic script and did not allow the creation of a new written form for the Persian language.
Persian was the local dialect of the southernmost region of Iran, which in the same way to the north and east of Iran. After that, it became a literary language in the northeast of Iran and reached the east and south of Iran again and gradually reached large parts of the Asian continent.
Ferdowsi and Shahnameh in Persian Language
Iranians are the children of Ferdowsi; Because Shahnameh is the letter of the millennia of Iranian culture and art. If Ferdowsi did not go down in history and did not write the Shahnameh, perhaps the Iranians today would not speak in joyful Persian language. The vast land of Iran has experienced many bittersweet times throughout history and has gone through many ups and downs. In order to confront the oppressive domination and supremacy of non-Iranians, Ferdowsi revived the ethnic honors and description of the ancient Iranian civilization which was able to revive the sense of defense of the country in many people.
History testifies that the Iranians preserved and spread Persian Language through the efforts of its poets, scientists and philosophers. The movement that started with Yaqub Layth Saffari, the head of the Saffarian dynasty, and with the phrase “Why should I say a word that I do not find in it?” And with Ferdowsi and his eternal masterpiece, Shahnameh reached greatness and greatness.
Distribution of Persian language in Iran and the world
The countries with the largest Persian-speaking population in the world are Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Of course, in countries other than Iran, Farsi is calling as Dari and Tajik. And also, Bahrain, Pakistan, India, Iraq, Turkey and China are in the next ranks of Persian-speaking population. In Bahrain it is known as Ajami or Larestani. In India, it was one of the official languages before the British colonization. There are many Indian poets and writers whose works are in Persian.
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